Attapeu is a province of Laos in the southeast of the country. To the north it is bounded by Sekong, to the west by Champasak Province. To the east, the Annamite Mountain Range separates Attapeu from Vietnam. It borders Cambodia to the south. It has five districts, Samakkixay, Xaysetha, Sanamxay, Sanxay, and Phouvong, covering an area of 10,320 square kilometers (3,980 sq mi) with a population of 127,285. Its capital city lies at Attapeu (Muang Samakkixay).

It was known as the “land of heroism”. There are two biodiversity areas: Dong Ampham Forest (200,000 ha) and Xepaine Forest. A large part of the province is managed by the Dong Ampham National Biodiversity Conservation Area.